Depression Affects Millions Nationwide

CHATTANOOGA, Tenn. (WDEF) – Major depressive disorder (MDD), also called clinical depression, affects an estimated 22 million U.S. adults, representing about 8% of adults in a given year, with higher rates among women and young adults.

MDD can cause persistent feelings of sadness or loss of interest in activities, along with changes in sleep, appetite, energy, and concentration that interfere with daily functioning.

A related condition, Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), is a type of depression that follows a seasonal pattern, most often emerging in late fall and winter when daylight hours are shorter.

Symptoms of SAD can include low mood most of the day, fatigue, difficulties concentrating, changes in sleep and appetite, and social withdrawal.

SAD is more common in people living farther from the equator and in women and may be linked to disruptions in the body’s internal clock and neurotransmitters like serotonin and melatonin.

Treatment for both MDD and SAD may include psychotherapy, antidepressant medications, and light therapy for SAD, which uses bright light to help regulate mood and circadian rhythms.

Understanding depression and how symptoms can vary with seasons can help people seek appropriate care and support when they notice changes in their mood or daily functioning.